把一台Cisco思科路由器配置成静态路由的实验
今天要做的实验,是把一台Cisco思科路由器配置成静态路由,通过这次动手操作,可以熟悉和了解不少内容,包括DCE端时钟设置、ip router命令使用、路由表的概念,还可以对正确的配置一台路由更加熟练。
这次实验的拓扑图如下所示:
实验步骤如下:
我们要使PC0跟PC1网络能够相互通信,按如下所述操作。
步骤1:在各个路由器上配置IP地址,保证直连链路的连通性。
R0设置ip地址
- Router>en
- Router#conf t
- Enter configuration commands, one per line. End with CNTL/Z.
- Router(config)#hostname R0
- R0(config)#interface f0/0
- R0(config-if)#ip add 192.168.1.1 255.255.255.0
- R0(config-if)#no shutdown
- %LINK-5-CHANGED: Interface FastEthernet0/0, changed state to up
- R0(config-if)#exit
- R0(config)#interface serial 0/1/0
- R0(config-if)#ip add 10.1.0.1 255.255.255.0
- R0(config-if)#no shutdown
- %LINK-5-CHANGED: Interface Serial0/1/0, changed state to down
- R0(config-if)#end
- R0#show controllers serial0/1/0 (查看DCE端命令)
- Interface Serial0/1/0
- Hardware is PowerQUICC MPC860
- DCE V.35, TX and RX clocks detected (红色表示为DCE端)
- idb at 0x81081AC4, driver data structure at 0x81084AC0
- SCC Registers:
- General [GSMR]=0x2:0x00000000, Protocol-specific [PSMR]=0x8
- Events [SCCE]=0x0000, Mask [SCCM]=0x0000, Status [SCCS]=0x00
- Transmit on Demand [TODR]=0x0, Data Sync [DSR]=0x7E7E
- Interrupt Registers:
- ......
- R0(config)#interface serial 0/1/0
- R0(config-if)#clock rate 4800 (在DCE端配置时钟)
R1配置如下
- R1(config)#interface serial 0/1/0
- R1(config-if)#ip add 10.1.0.2 255.255.255.0
- R1(config-if)#no shutdown
- R1(config-if)#exit
- R1(config)#interface serial 0/1/1
- R1(config-if)#ip add 10.2.0.1 255.255.255.0
- R1(config-if)#no shutdown
R2配置如下
- R2(config)#interface serial 0/1/1
- R2(config-if)#ip add 10.2.0.2 255.255.255.0
- R2(config-if)#no shutdown
- R2(config-if)#exit
- R2(config)#interface serial 0/1/0
- R2(config-if)#clock rate 4800
- R2(config-if)#ip add 192.168.2.1 255.255.255.0
- R2(config-if)#no shutdown
步骤2:在R0路由器上配置静态路由
R0(config)#ip route 10.2.0.0 255.255.255.0 10.1.0.2
(这里是指R0路由器访问10.2.0.0网段,下一跳IP地址是10.1.0.2)
R0(config)#ip route 192.168.2.0 255.255.255.0 Serial0/1/0
(这里是指R0路由器访问 192.168.2.0网段,下一跳接口是R0的Serial0/1/0)
步骤3:R1上配置静态路由
R1(config)#ip route 192.168.1.0 255.255.255.0 10.1.0.1
R1(config)#ip route 192.168.2.0 255.255.255.0 10.2.0.2
步骤4:R2上配置静态路由
R2(config)#ip route 10.1.0.0 255.255.255.0 10.2.0.1
R2(config)#ip route 192.168.1.0 255.255.255.0 Serial0/3/0
试验调试
在R2上查看路由表
- R2#show ip route
- Codes: C - connected, S - static, I - IGRP, R - RIP, M - mobile, B - BGP
- D - EIGRP, EX - EIGRP external, O - OSPF, IA - OSPF inter area
- N1 - OSPF NSSA external type 1, N2 - OSPF NSSA external type 2
- E1 - OSPF external type 1, E2 - OSPF external type 2, E - EGP
- i - IS-IS, L1 - IS-IS level-1, L2 - IS-IS level-2, ia - IS-IS inter area
- * - candidate default, U - per-user static route, o - ODR
- P - periodic downloaded static route
- Gateway of last resort is not set
- 10.0.0.0/24 is subnetted, 2 subnets
- S 10.1.0.0 [1/0] via 10.2.0.1 (S表示静态路由,C表示直连网络)
- C 10.2.0.0 is directly connected, Serial0/3/0
- S 192.168.1.0/24 is directly connected, Serial0/3/0
- C 192.168.2.0/24 is directly connected, FastEthernet0/0
在R1上查看路由表
- http://www.xiaoxiongboke.com
- R1#show ip route
- Codes: C - connected, S - static, I - IGRP, R - RIP, M - mobile, B - BGP
- D - EIGRP, EX - EIGRP external, O - OSPF, IA - OSPF inter area
- N1 - OSPF NSSA external type 1, N2 - OSPF NSSA external type 2
- E1 - OSPF external type 1, E2 - OSPF external type 2, E - EGP
- i - IS-IS, L1 - IS-IS level-1, L2 - IS-IS level-2, ia - IS-IS inter area
- * - candidate default, U - per-user static route, o - ODR
- P - periodic downloaded static route
- Gateway of last resort is not set
- 10.0.0.0/24 is subnetted, 2 subnets
- C 10.1.0.0 is directly connected, Serial0/1/0
- C 10.2.0.0 is directly connected, Serial0/1/1
- S 192.168.1.0/24 [1/0] via 10.1.0.1
- S 192.168.2.0/24 [1/0] via 10.2.0.2
在R0上查看路由表
- R0#show ip route
- Codes: C - connected, S - static, I - IGRP, R - RIP, M - mobile, B - BGP
- D - EIGRP, EX - EIGRP external, O - OSPF, IA - OSPF inter area
- N1 - OSPF NSSA external type 1, N2 - OSPF NSSA external type 2
- E1 - OSPF external type 1, E2 - OSPF external type 2, E - EGP
- i - IS-IS, L1 - IS-IS level-1, L2 - IS-IS level-2, ia - IS-IS inter area
- * - candidate default, U - per-user static route, o - ODR
- P - periodic downloaded static route
- Gateway of last resort is not set
- 10.0.0.0/24 is subnetted, 2 subnets
- C 10.1.0.0 is directly connected, Serial0/1/0
- S 10.2.0.0 [1/0] via 10.1.0.2
- C 192.168.1.0/24 is directly connected, FastEthernet0/0
- S 192.168.2.0/24 is directly connected, Serial0/1/0
从PC0上pingPC1地址192.168.2.2
在PC1上ping PC0地址 192.168.1.1
<3>实验总结:
1.在写静态路由时,如果是点对点链路(如PPP封装的链路)采用网关地址和接口都是可以的
2.注意:如果是链路多路访问链路(如以太网)只可采用网关地址,即不能用
R2(config)#ip route 192.168.1.0 255.255.255.0 Serial0/3/0