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cisco2621路由器上配置单臂路由的优缺点和实例
这次实例,通过常见的cisco2621系列路由器产品来配置一个单臂路由(Single-arm routing)。单臂路由是在路由和交换机之间,数据进去和出来的线路重合。
优点:实现不同vlan之间的通信,有助理解、学习VLAN原理和子接口概念。
缺点:容易成为网络单点故障,配置稍有复杂,现实意义不大。
这个实例的拓扑图如下所示:
配置交换机:
- fastEthernet 0/1-10端口加入vlan 2
- fastEthernet 0/11-20端口加入vlan 3
- fastEthernet 0/21-23端口加入vlan 4
- fastEthernet 0/24端口模式改为trunk
- Switch>enable
- Switch#configure terminal
- Switch(config)#vlan 2
- Switch(config-vlan)#vlan 3
- Switch(config-vlan)#vlan 4
- Switch(config-vlan)#exit
- Switch(config)#interface range fastEthernet 0/1-10
- Switch(config-if-range)#switchport access vlan 2
- Switch(config-if-range)#exit
- Switch(config)#interface range fastEthernet 0/11-20
- Switch(config-if-range)#switchport access vlan 3
- Switch(config-if-range)#exit
- Switch(config)#interface range fastEthernet 0/21-23
- Switch(config-if-range)#switchport access vlan 4
- Switch(config-if-range)#exit
- Switch(config)#interface fastEthernet 0/24
- Switch(config-if)#switchport mode trunk
- Switch(config-if)#end
此时查看交换机vlan状态:
- VLAN Name Status Ports
- ---- -------------------------------- --------- -------------------------------
- 1 default active Fa0/24, Gig1/1, Gig1/2
- 2 VLAN0002 active Fa0/1, Fa0/2, Fa0/3, Fa0/4
- Fa0/5, Fa0/6, Fa0/7, Fa0/8
- Fa0/9, Fa0/10
- 3 VLAN0003 active Fa0/11, Fa0/12, Fa0/13, Fa0/14
- Fa0/15, Fa0/16, Fa0/17, Fa0/18
- Fa0/19, Fa0/20
- 4 VLAN0004 active Fa0/21, Fa0/22, Fa0/23
- 1002 fddi-default act/unsup
- 1003 token-ring-default act/unsup
- 1004 fddinet-default act/unsup
- 1005 trnet-default act/unsup
配置路由器:
1、开启f0/0接口
2、设置fastEthernet0/0.1、fastEthernet0/0.2、fastEthernet0/0.3虚拟接口
3、用encapsulation dot1Q [vlan id]封装802.1q协议,并将虚拟接口划分到相应的VLAN中
fastEthernet0/0.1 划分到vlan 2 ====>>encapsulation dot1Q 2
fastEthernet0/0.2 划分到vlan 3 ====>>encapsulation dot1Q 3
fastEthernet0/0.3 划分到vlan 4 ====>>encapsulation dot1Q 4
4、给这三个虚拟机接口配置IP地址
- Router>enable
- Router#configure terminal
- Router(config)#interface fastEthernet 0/0
- Router(config-if)#no shutdown
- Router(config-if)#interface fastEthernet 0/0.1
- Router(config-subif)#encapsulation dot1Q 2
- Router(config-subif)#interface fastEthernet 0/0.2
- Router(config-subif)#encapsulation dot1Q 3
- Router(config-subif)#interface fastEthernet 0/0.3
- Router(config-subif)#encapsulation dot1Q 4
- Router(config-subif)#exit
- Router(config)#interface fastEthernet 0/0.1
- Router(config-subif)#ip add 192.168.1.1 255.255.255.0
- Router(config-subif)#no shutdown
- Router(config-subif)#exit
- Router(config)#interface fastEthernet 0/0.2
- Router(config-subif)#ip add 192.168.2.1 255.255.255.0
- Router(config-subif)#no shutdown
- Router(config-subif)#exit
- Router(config)#interface fastEthernet 0/0.3
- Router(config-subif)#ip add 192.168.3.1 255.255.255.0
- Router(config-subif)#no shutdown
- Router(config-subif)#end
在路由器上启动DHCP
- Router#configure terminal
- Router(config)#ip dhcp pool vlan2
- Router(dhcp-config)#network 192.168.1.0 255.255.255.0
- Router(dhcp-config)#default-router 192.168.1.1
- Router(dhcp-config)#dns-server 8.8.8.8
- Router(dhcp-config)#exit
- Router(config)#ip dhcp pool vlan3
- Router(dhcp-config)#network 192.168.2.0 255.255.255.0
- Router(dhcp-config)#default-router 192.168.2.1
- Router(dhcp-config)#dns-server 8.8.8.8
- Router(dhcp-config)#exit
- Router(config)#ip dhcp pool vlan4
- Router(dhcp-config)#network 192.168.3.0 255.255.255.0
- Router(dhcp-config)#default-router 192.168.3.1
- Router(dhcp-config)#dns-server 8.8.8.8
- Router(dhcp-config)#end
最后,配置成功: